Mny 26, 1894





Record   and   Guide.





839





public to private ownership, if it finally appears desirable, while
it is far more ditticult lo retrace one's stejis and to pass from pri v-
ateto publicowneiship. The city of S.avannah, Georgia, offers at
least a suggestion. It apjieais that it has been customary for
the city itself to extend its bounds by the purchase of outlying
lauds iiy the acre and then divide them up and either sell or
lease the lands. There are many of the most desiiiible lots in
Savannah that now piiy a ground rent to the city, but as the city
did not retain the right to revise these gronud rents at intervals
it does not receive the growth in increment.

The treasures beneath the surface of the earth have in many
liiuds been regarded as public property. It is an
exaggeration of tliecliariicterof jirivate property m England and
America to regard the owner of the surfiice as the oivner ot all
below the surface to the centre of the earth, and indetinitely
upwards into the sky. This exiiggeration of private ownershiji
is no essential jiart of the jirinciple of jjrivate projierty and
iiccoinjdishes no useful piujio.se. The treasures beneath the siu-
face of the earth hine been treated indejieudently of man's
action and private iiiopci ty in them is not necessary to encour¬
age production. All measures calculated to give to the public
any surplus over normal returns to labor and capital arising
from the exjiloilation of these treasures is commeudable. The
details of jilans to iiccomjdish this end must vary 'with time aud
jiltice, and their elaboration requires most careful attention on
the Jiart of tlie best minds. Clearly a great deal of trouble
would liave been obviated if the anthracite coal supjily had
alwaj's been regarded as jiublic property. It could have beeu
mined ou jiaymeut of a royiilty which would remove any surjilus
over normal letunis to cajiital aud labor, aud mining could have
been made free to all who would jiay the jirice for the jirivilege.

Chautauqua, in New York State, well known as au educational
centre, is also in many resjiects a model economic community.
It so organizes the various businesses which are conducted on
its grounds so that they yield a surplus. But this surplus does
not by any means flow into jirivate pockets. Those who have
Jirivileges on the grounds jiay for them. The land is leased at
market prices and those who conduct .a business jiay for the
Jirivilege. It is said that a year or two ago the privilege of sell¬
ing ice-cream on the grounds was .sold for a thousand dollars.
Booksellers, bilkers, butchers, all pay for theii' opjiortunities,
and any loss arising from competition iu pursuits like the sujijjly
of articles which are natural monopolies is avoided by a unified
ownershiji and iiiiiuagement. No oue has .any right to compliiin,
because after jniying for his jirivileges, he still receives normal
returns on labor aud capital. Did he not do so. he would not, of
course, voluntarily make the payment. The mode of manage¬
ment is. however, by .skillfully devised taxes and charges to take
away all economic surjilns, autl to nse it for the general gooil—
that is to ijay for the promotion of the vast and beneticent work
whieh Chautauiiua is doing, for all the revenues of Ch.autauqua
are used for public purposes.





Notice to Property-Owners.

Edgecombe road, ojieniui"-I'liiiu ir,.",th stieet to 175th .street.—Bill
of costs, etc., incurred in making tbis iuiprovement will be preseuteil
to the Supreme Court for taxation ou 4th prox.

Aeciuiremeut of laud iit the iuuetion of lOOtU street. West End ave¬
nue and the Boulevard.—Parties interested in real estate to be taken
iinist preseut their claims ou or before 9th prox.

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■208th, 209th ami 210tli streets, opening between lOtli avenue ami
U. 8. Channel line, Hiirlem Kiver.—Hearing of objections, etc.. will
begin on 4th jnox. and appliciition made to the Supreme Court for
eouBrniatiou of the report of the  Coinniissioners of  EBtiniiite  anil

Asse,s.sment on 14th pro.v.

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Cooper street, opening t'roin Academy street to Isham street.—Bill
of costs, etc., will be iiresented to the Supreme Court for taxation on

Slst inst.

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Public notice is given, tbat the following assessment lists for
regulating and grading streets and avennes in the 23d and 24th
Wards are now under cousideration by the Board of Assessors, to
whom all ehiiiiisaud objections relating thereto should be seut before
the Slst inst.. viz.:

Brook avenue, from New Vork &. Harlem Railroad to 1.12(1 street.

Morris avenue, from lo3d to loGth street.

1.^4tll street, from Courtlamlt avenue to Morris avenue.

l.'JSth street, from Courtlaudt avenue to Railroad avenue.

lOOth street, betweeu New York & Harlom Railroad and Webster
avenue.

139th street, from WiUis to St. Ann's avenue.

.Jennings street, from Union to Stebbins avenue.

I70th street, between Web'itcr and 3d avenues.

ItiTth street, from Vanderbilt avenue East to 3d avenue.

Vanderhilt avenue East, from UiSth street to a point 270 feet north
6f 170th street.

Webster avenue, from 165th street to the north side 173d street.

101st street, from 3d avenue to Gerard avenue.

lG3d stroot, between Brook avenue and 3d avenue.





l.'Mith street, from 3d avenue to St. Ann's nvenue.

173d street, between 3d aveuue and VaiiderOilt avenue East.

147tli stieet. trom Willis avenue to Brook avenue.

KiOtli street, betweeu Washiugtou nvenue and Railroad nveiino
Kiist.

170tli,street, from the easterly  line of lid  avenue to the westerly
line of Franklin aveuue.

l.'">7tli street, from 3d avenne to Hailio.ol avenue East.

l."sth street, from tin' .Southern Boulevard to Locust avenue.

155th street, from 3d avenne to Elton avenue.

152d street, between Conrtlandt avenue anil the easterly curb lino
of Railroad avenue East.

172d street, Iroui 3d iivenue to Vauderbilt aveuue East.

('arr street, froiu St. Ann's avenue to Geniuiu pliice.

(iermaii pUiCi'. tioiii Westehoster avenue to 15(5th street.

173d striet. betweeu New York &  Harlem Railroad and Weeks
street.

14.'<tU strict, from Courllaudt iivenue to Riiilroad iiveiuie East.

;i(l avenue, fioui the 23il and 24tli Wards line to Pelham avenne.

Chisholni .■street, lioiu .lennings street to .Stebbins avenne.

Hiiiiipdeii street, from .Sedgewick avenue to .Jerome avenue.

l.">:id street, from Morris avenue to Railroad avenue East.

Mct.'omb's Uani road, from 119th street to 155tli street.

i;{4tli sireet, from Alexander avenue to Willis avenue, and from
Alexiinder avenue to Brook avenue.

144tli street, trom Moll avenue to 3d avenue.

14tjtb streit. Irom iid iivenue to Railroad avenue East.

Southern Boulevard, from Home .street to Huut's Point road.

.lohn street, from St. Ann's avenue to Brook aveuue.

Webster avenue, between 173il and 184th streets.

]li4th street, from 3d aveuue to Brook avenue.

(■onrtlandt aveniif. from loUth street to lti3d street.
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llie following will be triiusmitted on the 15th prox.:

Sewer iu Kelly street, from Wales avenue to Triuity aveuue;
Wales aveuue, from summit southof 149th street to KeUy street, aud
in Kelly street ea.sterly to existing sewer; Bergeu avenue, between
147th and IfStli streets, and between Grove street and Brook
avenue ; Fulton avenue and iu Spriug place, betweeu Ud avenue and
ItiSth street; Solli .stieit. betweeu Boulevard aud Amsterdam
avenue.

Alteration iind improvemeut to receiving basins, northwest corner
of Goerek anil Graml streets; uorthwest corner of .Jaekson aud Mon¬
roe streets and northea.st coruer ot .lackson iind Water streets; on
the northeast coiner of Miilberrv and Biiyard streets; uortheast
corner of Water street and Pike .slip, and northeast and northwest
corners of Monroe aud Rutgers streets: ou the uorthwest cornerof
Gouverneiii street and Monroe street, and ou the northeast corner of
Gouverneur and Henry streets; southwest cornerof Walker street
and Couitlauilt alley; nortli side of Bayard street, east of Forsyth
street; northwest anil northeast corners of Convenieiir iimi Madison
streets; northwest and southwest corners of Orchiird and Hester
.streets, and on the northwest corner of Ludlow and He.ster streets ;
northeast aud uorthwest corners of Monroe aud Pike stieets; north¬
east corner of Catharine and Cherry streets, and on the northwest
coruer of Catharine and Water streets.

Regiihiting and regradiug, recnrbing aud reflagging l:i3d street,
from Boulevard to l'2tli avenue, together with a list of awards for
damages to buildings liiused by a ch.aiige of grade on siiid street.

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Brookline street, opening from Webster aveuue to Baiuhridge
nvenue.—Claims for land to be taken for this improvement raust bo
tiled ou or before Juno 2d next; on  the otii  the  Commissioners of

Estimate and Assessment will begin hearings thereon.

»    »    »    »

11)4th .street, opening between Edgecombe road and .Xmsterdiim
avenue.—Commissioners will hear objections to estimate iiihI assess-
nieut ou the 2Kth inst. Application to the Supreme Court for coiitii -
iiiiitioii of their report will be made ou 1st jirox.

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Twelfth Ward Park.—Application will be nuide. to the Supreme
Court ou the Sth jnox. for the appointmeut of Commissioners of

Estimate and Assessment.

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Hearing of objectious to the report of Commissioners of E.stintiln
and Assessment on the property required to be taken for school jiur¬
poses ou 4th stieet. between Avenues B and C. will t;ike jilaee on the
'24th inst.; formal notices of objections should be tiled on or beforo
the 20th inst.

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Oue Hundred aud Thirty-titth street, opening between Anisterdaiu
avenue and the Boulevard ; claims for real estate to be takeu must
be presented on or before the SOth inst.; hearings thereon will begin

Juuo 5tli.

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Public notice is given tbat the foUowing assessments have beeu
completed, are lodged in the otliee of the Board of Assessors for
examination by all persons iuterested, and will be transmitted on
9th prox.. viz.: Paving Westchester avenue, from Trinity to Prospect
avenue, witb granitic blocks.





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AJJD Guide 14 and IG Vesey street.