November 3, 1900.





RECORD AND   GUIDE.





575





What the Building World Talks of

FACTS,   IDEAS,    NOVELTIES.





Plastering la generally measured by the yard superflcial, and
openings of less extent than 7 yards are not deducted.    Returns

of chimney breasts, pilasters or angles less
Hints in         than 12 inches wide, measure 12 inches.    Base

boards 6 or less inches wide are not deducted.
Estimating ^^ closets add one-half to the measurement.
Plastering.       Circular or elliptical  work charge two prices,

and for domes or groined ceilings three prices.
For each 12 feet in height add 6 per cent, extra. Cornices and
centerpieces In buildings more than IS feet high In the flrst
story, says a writer in the Canadian "Architect and Builder,"
should have 5 per cent, added to cover scaffolding and extra
labor and time in getting material up. Centerpieces, paneling
and extra stucco work must be charged the regular prices for
such work put in similar positions. Plaster brackets, consoles,
rosettes, strap work or other simflar productions must be charged
at current rates. Rough casting on brick or stone in lime and
flne gravel in two coats should be charged at the rate of from 16
to 20 cents per yard, according to cost of materials and labor.
Rough casting on frame buildings, including all materials and
lathing, two-coat work, lathing diagonal double, should be
charged up at the rate of from 26 to 30 cents per square yard.
Plain cornices and moldings, per inch girth and foot running,
from 2 to 3 cents for each inch girth; so that a plain cornice
measuring 15 inches girth must be charged from 30 to 45 cents
per running foot, 'according to cost of material and rate of
wages. This price also includes the dubbing out and putting up
rough brackets wherever they are necessary and the extra lath¬
ing. All miters over four in number are to be charged each at
the price of a foot running of molding, except in halls or small
rooms under 14x16 feet; then all miters should be paid for extra.
Lathing alone, laths and nails included, should not be charged
less than 10 cents per yard super. Lath and plaster one coat,
material included, 17 cents per yard. The same, set with fine
stuff, 22 cents per yard. For two-coat work, floated, 26 cents
per yard. For two-coat work, gauged in plaster of Paris, 30
cents per yard. If done in Portland cement, one of cement and
three of lime mortar, charge 26 cents per yard for one-coat work;
if two-coat work, charge 32 cents per yard. For rendering on
brick wall, one coat with common mortar, charge 10 cents per
yard; for two coats and set with flne stuff, charge 25 cents per
yard. For colored flnish in stone, buff, salmon color, French
gray, blue or lemon color, add 4 cents per yard to above prices.
For lime washing in one coat, charge per one square (100 feet),
10 cents; if twice done, 20 cents per square; with whiting and
size in one coat, 11 cents per square; for two coats, 21 cents
per square. Scraping off old whitewash and stopping old walls
to receive new wash, charge 15 cents per square. If the plaster
is much broken, extra for putting on new plaster must be
charged, and for this work about 3 cents per foot super must
be charged for repairs of walls, and if color is to be matched, 4
cents per foot. For repairing ceilings, hacking off old plaster
and putting on new, including scaffolding and material, from 4
to 6 cents per foot should be charged. If colored to match ceil¬
ing, add another cent per foot; if gauged with plaster of Paris,
add 1% cents per foot. For taking down old plastering and lath,
and removing rubbish to outside of huilding. charge 7 cents per
yard, and extra if rubbish is removed to some distance from the
building. For taking down old scantling or rough casting and
removing rubbish to outside of building, including wetting, duh-
t)ing out. and other necessary work in preparing wall for re¬
ceiving new plastering, charge from 7 to 8 cents per yard. Tak¬
ing down old plastering or lathed walls or ceilings without re¬
newing the lathing, including renaillng the laths where necessary
and removing rubbish to outside of building, charge 6 cents per
yard. Walls ^vbich are warped or out of Hne should be screeded
by applying horizontal strips of plaster mortar 8 or 10 inches
wide and 3 or 4 feet apart all over the surface. These screeds
should be made to project out from the flrst coat and form
gauges or working guides to which to flll up the hollow portions
of the wall. They must be taken out of wind and be plumb
with the walls; then a straight edge, reaching from one to an¬
other, will show tbe defects in the wall, which must be cor¬
rected by the workman. All this labor and material must be
charged up in estimating Independent of the regular measure¬
ment per yard. This, of course, only relates to old walls. Pug¬
ging is the term employed to denote the method of lining in
the spaces between the floor joists, which is usually done with
coarse stuff, and is Intended to prevent the passage of sound
from one story to another. This is also termed "deafening with
mortar." This may be charged hy the yard or by the lump:
if by the yard, which is the proper way. it is worth from 3 to 5
cents per yard, the lower price for the lower stories and the
larger price for the upper stories, Mort'ar laid on roof boards
Linder shingles, '^-Inch in thickness, is worth from 1% to 2 cents
per yard.





Divelling





The  sanitation  of the laterior  of  dwelling-houses  where  the
house drains and service pipes are directly connected with the
sewer, as commonly practiced in France, says
Sanitation  of    the  "Improvement   Bulletin."   was   the   subject
of a report presented by M. M. Lacau, archi¬
tect,   vice-president of  the  Sanitary Engineers
Houses.         and Architects of Prance, and L. Masaon, en¬

gineer of the Sanitation Works of the Seine,
and also another report, from the English point of view, pre¬
sented hy Mr. Roechling, sanitary engineer, Leicester, at the re¬
cent International Congress of Hygiene, at Paris. The main
feature of the French report was the rejection of the discon¬
necting trap from the system of domestic drainage in favor of
direct connection of the whole system with the public sewer, and
the use of the house pipes as ventilators for the sewers. It was
stated that tbe disconnecting device was introduced into Eng¬
lish methods in consequence of defects in the sewers in England,
which permitted of the formation of foul accumulations which
emitted sewer gas that would be dangerous if admitted into a
house. The effectiveness of the disconnecting trap for the pur¬
pose of keeping out of the house dangerous gases was denied by
the French report, the denial being based upon the results of
experiments made some years ago by the Sanitary Institute.
According to this report the experiments of the Sanitary Insti¬
tute proved that from 20 to 60 per cent, of foecal matters was
left in the traps after flushing, only from 40 to 80 per cent, of
the solid matters contained in wiater-closet waste flndlng its way
into the public sewer. MM, Lacau and Masson, therefore, rec¬
ommended the suppression of disconnecting traps, and demand
that in all cases the house drains and pipes should he directly
connected with the sewers, the only precaution necessary being
to carry above the roof a pipe with which the whole system of
pipes should be connected so as to form a ventilation conduit
for botb the sewer and the house drains. The chief of the eight
conclusions set out in the report is the seventh, which ran thus:
"The conduits (canalization) of a house comprise the waste pipes,
rain pipes and house drain which connects them to the sewer.
This drain, laid with the utmost fall available, is directly con¬
nected with the public sewer without the intervention of a si¬
phon (trap). The rain pipes connected with the system are pro¬
longed above the roof to insure the ventilation of the whole
system."





Street





Referring to the article, "Boiler vs. Street Heating," in "The
Metal Worker" of October 6, about a proposition of a hot water
heating  company in  Indianapolis  to  heat the
Boiler   vs.        town at a charge of 17 cents per square foot of

radiating  surface  for  the  season,   and  whose
application for a franchise to lay the pipes was
Heating.        held up by the City Council on the representa¬

tion of the people that the charge was 100 per
cent, too high, I would say we think the proposed charge would
be a veritable gold mine, easier worked than the mines of Alaska,
with proflts more sure, and ease, elegance and comfort would at¬
tend the effort, with cold and privation unknown. My personal
experience in operating a house hot water heater is that 5 cents
per square foot of radiation wili pay for the whole season's heat¬
ing, using the most costly coal, I think 8 cents per square foot
would afford 100 per cent, proflt and be satisfactory to every
patron of the system. If any heating company would furnish
customers at the price of 8 cents per square foot of surface their
business and income would be unlimited. Let us have proposi¬
tions from those who will offer to heat at S cents per square foot
of heating surface.





Marble





A word or two about the marble slabs. The word "Italian"
applied to marble washstand slabs is no longer a guarantee of

the source of supply, or even of the quality of
Hints About    the goods; and the buyer, unless he can select

from stock, is left somewhat to the mercy of

the supply man. Having chosen the slabs they
Washstands.     should   be   examined   carefully   to   locate   any

scratches or notches or any spots which have
not received the desired polish. At the same time see that the
holes which are to receive the clamp bolts are undercut suffi¬
ciently to hold the lead when the clamps are drawn down tightly,
and that the chain stay hole and the cock holes are the proper
size. If there are any such defects, hand the slabs over to the
nearest marble worker to be "touched up," At this point it
will be an easy matter to have this done, and comparatively in¬
expensive, while later on it will be almost impossible. Having
placed the marble In tbe best condition possible, care should be
taken In all succeeding operations to preserve it so, by inter¬
posing between tbe polished surface and all hard substances
with which it might come in contact some clean soft substance,
such as paper or cloth free from grit or buttons.