3o6





[Manhattan]





RECORD AND   GUIDE.





February 14, 1903.





idity and strength. The foundations for the new Slock Exchange,
which is nearby the Blair Building, were also laid by the
O'Rourke Engineering Construciion Co.

The steel construction is formed of two Z-bars attached to op¬
posite sides of the opening, which support the GO-degree angles.
Across these angles are laid the steel strips, and the special
prisms are then placed in position as shown in cut. This leaves
a trough on each side of the prisms, which is filled with concrete,
forming a smooth surface with the top of the glasses.

This vault light is furnished either wilh or without the Uni¬
versal Safety Tread; strips of the safety tread placed between
the glasses, make a secure and safe footing on inclined side¬
walks, or where there is heavy traffic. In bad weather most
vault lights afford a very insecure and dangerous footing; but
by use of the safety tread, this objectionable feature is elim¬
inated.

They are furnished and set by the New Jersey Foundry and
Machine Co., 9 to 15 Murray st. New Tork,

"Newhall" Vault Light (Braun's Patent).—Wilh this construc¬
tion any size or shape of opening can be covered without the ex¬
pense and delay of making special castings. It embodies all the
necessary requirements to perfect vault lighting, viz.: strength to
sustain heavy loads, greatest possible lighting surface, and neat¬
ness in appearance.





A Big Brick Exhibit.

MANUFACTTIRERS TO  HAVE ONE  AT ST.  LOUIS   FAIR—TO  IN¬
CLUDE THE CLAY ARTS AND CERAMIC WORK.

At the Sl. Louis World's Fair in 1904, for the first time in the
history of the clay industry in this country, the National Brick
Manufacturers' Association will have an exhibition of products
of the clay industry and the ceramic arts, which will he national
in scope and character.

This was resolved upon officially at the convention of the Na¬
tional Brick Manufacturers' Association, at Boston, after Prof.
H. A. Wheeler, of St. Louis, had read the report of the com¬
mittee which had been appointed to consider the matter. Prof.
Wheeler showed plans, drawn by a St. Louis architect, which
provide for the occupation of 20,000 square feet of floor space
in the Mines and Mining building. All clay products, from the
common brick to flnest terra cotta and elaborate vases, will be
given a place in the exhibition; the clay materials will be shown
in the raw. the rough and the most finished forms. Prof, Holmes,
of Washington, will have charge of the exhibition. The asso¬
ciation adopted a resolution appropriating $300 for the use of
the committee which is preparing the exhibition, and it is under¬
stood that further sums will be appropriated when needed.

President George M. Fiske, of Boston, in his annual address,
said: "The annual value of manufactures of brick and clay In
the United States is now $120,000,000. Nearly half of this pro¬
duct is structural clay and paving bricks; there has been an in¬
crease of nearly, if not quite, 100 per cent, in the last ten years,
and the outlook for the future is very bright. The special issue
in the coal strike, and, indeed, in the present attitude of capital
toward labor, is that of the recognition of organized labor by or¬
ganized capital. What is capital that it should refuse to enter
into negotiations with labor? Capital is produced by labor, and
is absolutely dependent upon it for its value. It is said that la¬
bor organizations are so irresponsible, so unreasonable and ex¬
acting that it is of no use to deal with them. There is, indeed,
much truth in this, but is it not because there has been such a
feeiing of inherent enmity between the two great forces? I fully
believe that when friendly relations have once been established
between these two great powers, labor will prove itself as unsel¬
fish and patriotic as capital. It is not labor which is to-day im¬
posing a most appalling domestic, industrial burden upon this
land. The price of coal to-day will average fully $3 per ton above
normal prices; a careful estimate of the annual coal consump¬
tion for industrial purposes alone in New England is 10,000,000
tons; that means $30,000,000 per year extra tax upon the indus¬
tries of New England, a tax that kills! I repeat this tax is being
imposed to-day, not by labor, but by capital."

Officers for the ensuing year were elected as follows: President.
R. G. Eisenhearst; first vice-president, John E. Parry, Boston;
second vice-president, W. S. Puringlon. Chicago; third vice-pres¬
ident, G. J. H. .Schellenburg, St. Paul; secretary, T. A. Randall,
Indianapolis; treasurer, J. W. Sibley, Chattanooga.

After their first business session the delegates went to Hotel
Brunswick for their annual dinner, and had as their special
guests Lieutenant-Governor Guild, William H. Sayward. secre¬
tary of the Master Builders' Association, and Lafayette G. Blair
of Boston. More than three hundred persons were present. The
lieutenant-governor amused them in his speech with a play on
tbe word "brick," which the audience fully appreciated, and then
proceeded lo enlighten them about the commercial and Industrial
significance of Boston and Massachusetts.

The convention found il impossible lo keep pace with its pro¬
gram, and many papers were omitted. "Drying Brick" was the
subject of Mr. B, P. Hollett of Arcadia, Ind., who said: "The old
way of drying brick up to about 1871 was to depend on the sun
and the wind.    When  natural gas was discovered, I erected a





'hot yard' which was an improvement. This was constructed by
means of several tunnels, placed from 12 to 14 inches apart and
made of common drain tile and fire brick. But later, after In¬
vestigation, the steam dryer was found to be the only natural
method. In this way bricks can be dried in from 36 to 48 hours,
regardless of the weather."

Mr. R. Clipston Sturgis spoke on "The Sizes of Brick," saying:
"1 am not going to lake up the old contention that brick should
be of a uniform size, but I wish to speak of a brick of a standard
proportion. I traced the movement from the serviceable bond of
years ago to the modern face brick, which was introduced 30 or
40 years ago and has proved to be inadequate. I wish to gel a
brick made here of proper proportion to itself so that the heads
and the stretcher will offer a presentable appearance; much from
an artistic point of view has been lost by this lack. Let me also
say that, if we are ever to do away with the cheap wooden houses
which encumber our landscapes, it will be because you brick
manufacturers put on the market a cheaper brick,"

Among the manufacturers of this section in attendance were:
C. Troramer, C. A. Bloomfield, S. E. Frank, W, H. Nesbit, Paul
Pfotenhauer, J. A. Ridgway. I. W. Pike. R. C. Penfieid, Olto C.
Plessner, M. C, -Black, Andrew M. Ayers, G. W. Twichell. James
G. Beemer. Thos. Kieran, of New Tork City; William Lahey, Jo¬
seph A. Lahey, Newburgh; Frank E. Wilea, Grassy Point; James
B. Crowell, Wallkill, N, T.; E. E. Gorton, Croton; Edwin Brock¬
way,  Brockway,  N.  T.; J.  Terry,  Rondout.





I





Building Trades Club.

Music, a reception and dinner were enjoyed by the members of
the Building Trades' Club at their annual election and
meeting on Monday, Feb. 9th, in the Townsend Building, The
election occurred between 1 and 5 o'clock, the polls being opened
for the reception of ballots during those hours. About one hun¬
dred members sat down to the annual dinner at 6 o'clock. Presi¬
dent Francis W. Weeks had on his right hand Secretary-Treas¬
urer Wm. K. Fertig, Vice-Presidents Eidlitz and Frederick M.
Crossett; on his left, Vice-Presidents Conover. Leonard K, Prince
and Ronald Taylor. A vaudeville programme greatly enlivened
the feast. After the dinner had been satisfactorily disposed of
President Weeks, in announcing that the annual meeting was In
order, gave a resume of the affairs of the association of the last
year, the progress that had been made in legislative work in be¬
half of the building trades, and the results which the association
had achieved in its Intercourse with builders and mechanics here
in New Tork.

The Secretary announced the result of the election as follows:
President, Warren A. Conover; Vice-President, Charles L. Eidlitz;
Second Vice-President, Leonard K. Prince; Secretary-Treasurer,
Wm. K, Fertig; Managers for three years, Vincent C. King, Geo,
S. Holmes, Henry W. Miller, W. T. Ritch and James Curran;
Manager for one year, F. B. Tuthill.

The report of Secretary-Treasurer Fertig was an exceptionally
satisfactory document; it showed a balance of $744 on hand, and
a profit from house sales for the first time in the history of the
club. Addresses were delivered by President Conover, Vice-Pres¬
ident Eidlitz, Secretary Fertig and Ronald Taylor. The occasion
was a particularly pleasant one.





Mosaic Worlc.

New methods of building have given fresh impetus to the
mosaic art in New York, Besides, mosaic work is popular, not
only for Us fireproof quality, but also because of Its beauty.
Walls and ceilings are frequently composed of what is known
as glass mosaic, which comes in the more delicate tints, and is
necessarily very expensive. This is particularly appropriate for
designs in flowers or figures, and has. w"hen finished, a much
more glossy surface. In the glass mosaic is included the gold and
silver, which is made In Venice by a secret process which is
never divulged to outsiders, but is handed down from father to
son as a heritage. Whatever the coloring process is. the cubes of
stone, some black and some red, have a glass finish upon which
is placed a substance resembling gold leaf, and over this again is
placed another thickness of glass so thin as lo appear to be al¬
most invisible. The result is a highly-finished surface of a deep
Roman gold tint. Some of the delicate colorings of mosaic stones
are also made by secret processes, and, with the silver, can be
obtained  only  by  importation.

To make a design in mosaic, the figure pattern must first be
outlined in pencil and tinted with water colors. A duplicate de¬
sign, in pencil only, is then placed on the bench at which the
workman stands, and over the paper is poured liquid gum arable.
Now begins the work, and no man who is color-blind need ever
attempt to learn lo do mosaic work. One by one the tiny cubes
are selected, the colored pattern being the guide, and placed on
the gummed paper, lo which they adhere, the smooth side down¬
ward. It seems an endless task, but at last it ls~completed, and
the workman sees the whole pattern in Its proper colors before
him,  but with  rough  side upward.

Of course, the surface is uneven, and between the cubes or
otherwise-shaped stones are ugly crevices. But now a cement
prepared   for  this   special  purpose  Is   poured   over   the  whole